Hydraulic hat press



jaafly 2, 393a M. A. SCHWARTZ 2,006,371

HYDRAULIC HAT PRES-S Original Filed Feb. 13, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet l FIGJ.

INVENTOR M. A. SCHWARTZ BY wmzzw ATTORNEYS y 1935- M. A. SCHWARTZ2,006,371

HYDRAULIC HAT PRESS Original Filed Feb. 15, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG.7.

INVENTOR M A. SCHWARTZ 48 I y M ATTORNEYS July 2, 1935- M. A. SCHWARTZHYDRAULIC HAT PRESS Original Filed Feb. 13, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 H5FIG. 13.

84 86Lc As 88 H4 87 INVENTOR M.A.SCHWARTZ BY W ATTORNEYS Patented July2, 1935 v i 2;006,3731*' p w ,HYDRAUBIG HAT :rmzss A' Schwartz @105mgelesgoamg assig atone-half to George Chero'ff, "Los Angeles,

; Calif; L

invention-"pertains to a hydraulichatbress in which oneelementofsthepresshasa mold or formior-the hatjand anotherelernent aninflatable rubber bag which may be pressed, into the hat-tomold thesameand in which-the mold and the rubberfbag are separable for inserting andremoving the'hat; 1 r t J 7- 1--I n :the above mentioned type: of hatpress :an object and feature of my invention is constructing the moldand the pressure block onitwo ep- 7 posed partsof the machine, theseopposed parts both" having a -reciprooating motion in' oppositevdirectionswhereby these may be engaged orfiseparated; In the engagedposition the bag: maybe infiated forpressing the'hat and inthe-rseparatedpositi'on will allow inserting and-removing the hat. In thisconnectiona,-further detailed feature of my'invention isconstructingthe-mold carrying and 1 the bag, carrying part of the ma!chine-to more or less balance each other where, when; the reciprocatingmotion, is conveyed to bothvpar-tsoi the machine simultaneously,theseoperateto form altight closure between the mold and theperipheralportion of the, bag, and-after clamping of the mold. and thebag the bag; may be inflated by a' hydraulicmedium. v

A further detailed fe'ature of my invent-ion in 1 7 connection with theopposed-moving parts 'of v of the bag.

the machine that is, the part having;th'e.-mo1d andthe inflatable bag,is. an arrangement pfor operating said devices by a mechanical leveragesystem -using a series of levers andflinks Ior moving one partrelativeto the'other and to' elfect a toggle like pressure action when the moldcomesin contact with theperiphery of therubher bag.

Another object and feature of my inventionis operating the presshydraulically in whichone, or more cylinders are utilized toeffect theapproach and the separation-of the two parts of the ma;-

chine, the lower part preferably carrying" the mold and the upper partthe pressure'bag; jIn-this vhydranrlic arrangement a further feature)andobject of my'invention is the insertingxof equal pressures throughthe bottom to press the mold upwardlyand'on the-upperrpart'to force thebag downwardly to'form a tight sealbefore inflation Another object andfeature of my invention .is a clamp for interen-gaging the moldca'rrying'element and the bag carrying 'elementtosecure thesein atightrelationship prior to thedevelop 12161113 01 the hydraulic pressure ofthe bag and .thereby 'hold the mold and "the bag Lin-contact without,relying on the weightof the various parts ing'l'drawings' iriwhichz--.in aiand tightening the; clamping ring.

of -.the machine i or theimechanical or hydraulic action used to contactthe mold and-the bag portion of themachine. In: this connection anotherdetailed feature of my invention is et-mechanically operated;type(if-clamp,"saidclamp' havingia split 5 band partly encircling theperiphery of-the bag carrying structure and the mold. .earryingstructure.-

Inthe hydraulicarrangement--a further object V and feature of'myinvention-is a hydraulically op- 10 erated clamp which exerts a pull, onthe split band or releases; such bandjfor clamping vor' uncla'mpringwthe mold or the bag, carrying partsof the Myinvention;is:illustratedin the accompanyp 5 arr w l oiFi i i I y v v I Fig. 3 -.-is:-a-.vertical section-taken on the "line i3-3-.of Fig. l with the machinein the pressing position. j q f r V l:

---a"section-simi1arto' Fig. 3 with 'the m mes 1 Open i on Fig.- 5israwplanlof the-splitclamp ring.-

Figxdis-nnenlarged section on the line'6--6 f Fig. Shan -the directionof the arrows.

Figs. 7 and 8 are enlarged fro-ritelevations of the double lever-andlinkmechanism for looseng F'ig -figis a detaih partial; horizontal sectionon the -line 9. 9 of Fig.1 1* illustratingpart of the l e i ih m c n e tZ -r l I V isan elevation partly'-- in section of a lihydraulicallyaoperated type of machine;

rig. in detailed section on; the" line l H onr ig. 10-;-hQV(lng; part--of: the "clamp operating the bottomare supported by across head l4. At

ithe 'top of the "rods there is 'a substantialbar or beam I S beingadjustablysecured on the screw "threaded ends of these rods and fromthis bearn where-depends a: neck structure [6; Connected. to I hinge 44.

ing thereon, these walls having openings 26. The" mold block 21 has acentral downward projec tion 28 resting on the bottom plate 24. The moldhas a lateral flange 29 resting on the upper edge of the side walls 25.The gas 'jet pipes 30 surround the lower part of the mold and theopenings 26 form a supply of air for the gas burners for heating themold. The rods 13 move up and down, carrying the rubber -bag, .and themold and its supporting structures have a vertical motion on the rods;such "motion being derived as follows: 1 Y i I A cross shaft 3I ism'ounted-inthe frame H of the machine and this carries a double lever32. This double lever hasa shor't single lever 33 connected thereto anda. link- 34 is swiveled on this lever 33 and to alever 35 whichoscillates on a pivot shaft 36 secured to the legs of the-inachine. Thepivot shaftisbstzill'ated'by means of a hand lever. 31. A pair of links38 "connect fr'omone end ofthe doublelever 32 to-lugs-39 on the crosshead M, which cross head carries the vertical rods l3, anda'second pair'ofli'nks 48 are connected from the opposite endof the double lever 32to lugs 4| on the bottom plate 24 of the mold carrying structure. whenthe lever 39 is oscillatedit rocks the double lever 32 through themedium of the link 34' and'the action to shift the links.38 and 40between the positions illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 so that in theposition of Fig. 3 the cross head is lowered,

'hence the bag carrying unit is lowered and the mold carrying unit iselevated, and inthe arrangement of Fig. 4 the cross head with the bagcarrying unit supported on the rods 13 is'elevated and the mold carryingunit islowered. In the position of Fig. 3 the hat may be siibjected' tothe hydraulic pressure and in Fig. 4 the hat may be inserted andremoved. f

' The type of clampused comprises a clamping ring 42-having two arms 43connectedrbya Each of the arms is channel-shaped the cross heads 62.draulic fluid operates in the cylinders it forces the pistons apart'tobring the mold and the secand has a web 45 with upper andlowerflanges 46. Projecting inwardly on the upper flange there are a series of studs41 (note Figs. 5' and 6). Mounted on the front of the armsthere are apair of lugs '48 to each of which is'pivotally connected a curved link49. Theselinks attached ,toa

double lever. 50, which double lever may oscillate on a pivot pin 5|which pivot pin is'attached to the rim52 of the dome l8carrying'theinflatable bag. The lugs 41 are adapted to bear upon thisrim and thus maintain the clamp from slipping downwardly. An operatinghandle 53 is attached to the double lever and maybe utilized to swingthis lever to 'exerta pullor athrust on the links and thus pull the arms4.3 er the clamp into tight clamping engagement or to loosen these arms.The lower flange. of the clamp fits; over the lateral flange of the hatmold structure 23.

Therefore, when the mold and the inflatable bag structure are-broughttogether and clamped a hydraulic pressure may be inserted in the bag awithout any danger of forcing theibagaand the mold apart and notrequiring the weight of the various parts to hold these together.

The dome is provided with the usual connections to a hydraulic supplysuch as a pipe 54 leading to a source of hydraulic supply, a relief pipe55, a hydraulic pressure gauge 56, and a petcock 5 1 for release of theair in thebag.

A pump 58 is provided operated by a pump handle 53 for pumping thehydraulic fluid into the dome to expand-the rubber bag.

In the operation of the mechanically operated press illustrated in Figs.1 to 9 it will be apparent that aconsiderable pressure may be exertedbetween the mold andthe dome element carrying the bag and that thisfactor in itself'tends to hold the bag firmly in position. In additionto thisthe clamp when secured to the rim of the dome f 8 and to themargin of the'mold absolutely prevents separation of these parts due tothe hydraulic pressure devcloped'in the rubber bag in pressing theh'at.In the operation of this device it is necessaryto release the pressureof the bag before the mold-and the bag carrying sectionare platefi'lwith side walls 68 extending thereabove.

'These side walls have openings 69 to afford circulation of air tosupplythe gas burners. Brackets 10 extend laterally from the side platesand are slidable on the rods 6|. The plate 61 and the side walls supportthe mold much in the same manner as illustrated in the prior figures,the .mold having an annular flange 'or rim resting on the walls 68. Themanner of shifting the upper and lower moving parts of the pressutilizes a pair ofhydraulic cylinders H which are supported in asubstantial frame-12 attached to the frame 60.

Each of these cylinders has an upper piston 13 and a lower piston 14.Each piston has a piston rod 15. The rods of the upper pistons aresecured to the base plate 6! carrying the mold, and the piston rods'ofthe lower pistons are connected to Therefore, when the hytion carryingthe bag together, which action raises the mold andpulls down on theupper unit carrying the bag. In the reverse action for opening the pressfor inserting and removing the hat, the pistons are drawn together, thuslowering the mold and raising the upper part carrying the cxpansiblebag.

-Itis necessary and desirable first to clamp the mold and the uppersection having the bag firmly together prior to the hat pressingoperation and this isdone by the following mechanism.

The clamp designated generally at 80 has a pair of segments 8|, thesebeing hinged together by a :hingepin 82, such pin being on the outsideof one of the rods 6| and the segments curving around F the rodron eachside. posite side has an outwardly extending arm 33,

Each segment at the op which arms support piston rods 84 (noteparticularly Figs. 10, ll, 12, and I3) Such piston rods operate throughthe heads of a pair of connected memes-r1 between the arms and the endsof=the cylinders,

suchrsprings tending to force the pistons "outwardly-and' thus open upthe clamp. Whenthe cylinders are moved in by hydraulicpressure-asdetailed below: the clamp-is tightened and maintained in itstightened-clamped position;

The general hydraulic power mechanism 'for operating the main cylinder'sII andlalso the clamp utilizes a hydraulic compressor Lor pump 89, thisdrawing from a supply tank -BII, there 7 bein g a pipe SI frorn 'thetankto thepump and-a I fromi the control valve there isla pipe- 94back-to the tank; 'Branching iromthe 'control valve :there isa lead 95withbranches SBand -B'Ileading to the center of the cylinders' 'IIAnother lead :98has branches-'99 and IIlO-to"the-'outer'ends'of "the'cylin'ders. There is a bypass :I 0I having -check =valves I02 and 103short circuiting the control-valve.- p 3 r I 1 The control valveillustrated particularly in -Fig's514 and15 isprovided'witha valvecasingas the-pump is continually voperated =when the desired pressure isreached, the oilis' bypasse'd'by athe bypass llii to-the storage tank90.Whenthe oil is flowing into the centef'of "thesecylinders throughthe-pipe 95 it is flowing out of the-ends throughlthe pipe 98 and backbythe connection :I B'Ito the storage tank,- theinflowbeingthroughtheconnection' Hi5. 'Whenthe oil is beingforced to the outer end of thecylinders as in Fig. l'fi the force-fiowis through the r'zonnectiori{I05 from 'thelead 92m 98 and' the returnis' from thelead 95, theconnection I116, -and' the-lead l lto the 'oiltank. a I a i p Incontrolling the clamping cylinders, the pump has I a supply line I339, acontrolling valve H 0, andlret'urn line I II, and aline i IZ frOm thestorbranches I I4 and I I5, these branches connecting to the ends oftheclamping cylinders'outsideof the pistons. A" bypass I I6 is "arranged 1havinga checkvalve I I'I'there'in.

In this hydraulic clamping :the valve *I H) may be operated to'st'op'theflow through the'pipe III and divert'it from-'thepipesfllils' to'IF4"andII'li I and: hence force the pistons inwardly "againstthecompressionof the springs-88; Thisaction draws" "in on the clampingsegments "and clampsflthe dome-and the mold assembly, When the desiredpressure'has been reached in these clamping-cylinders the check valve"!Hallows the' excess oil to flow through'the'bypass I'I'Bf'badk to thepipe I i I and thence to the oil tank.

it is obviousthatmay otherdifferentarrangements of valves-anti hydraulicpipe-iconnecti ons.

can be used, the essential characteristics being that hen the-moldassembly'and the 'dome'vvith the bag are brought into contact theclampmay be operated to clamp theseelements'togetherand hold them inthis clamped position when thepress is 'in', operation and then torelease )the clamp; the spring forcing thepistons outwardly 'and'thusreturning the hydraulicj'fiuidto "the 'storagetank.

."xinn'zimportant.icharacteristic; of my invention fromathe standpointofipracticability Jami utility Sis thatithe mold:sectionrhavingthemoldblockand therldometcarrying 'the bagholding stiuctureican be"made comparatively :lighttan'd substantially counterbalanced; Thesewhen inaepositionfior pressing and blocking a'thati canihaveflthefclam'ps operated-to engage? the flanges oriimargins of the moldmember and the dome member'fbutsthis-l I clamp doesn0tlneedto be of suchcharacter as to pre'sslthese'two parts together "tightlyi The flanges ormarginal edgesof the dome or'the inol'd "are .broughtinto tighti fittingrelation with the clampsi'whenpress'ure is developed in -the rubber bagwhich causes 'a slight expansion or separation of ithe .moldmembenandthedome rnember; Therefore, "the greater "the pressure r in pressing :orblocking a 'hat 'thei tighter is the clamping' action, hence the parts:do :not need to be made heavy to withstand an internal pressure exceptsuch as is sufficient to hold the pressure sbut not sufficient toholdthe elements in theirtpo'sition forpressing. q I I aAnotherimportant characteristic: of the invention is that the supplypump "for developing the hydraulic pressure in the bag 5 is carried :bythe ldome member. Therefore, this pump is always in a 'positionto beoperated to increase thepressure in the bag and does not require "aflexible 'hose connection from a hydraulic pressure -source connected tothe' feed pipe 54. Therefore, the

water-supply is also carried directly by theatlome.

Various changes may 1 be made in the details so 'to the-'expansiblebag;In practice a water vessel or reservoir is carried l by the-dome anddirectly of 'construction without departing from thespirit or scope ofthe invention' as defined bythe'app ndedclaimsx M Iclaim: I l A l.'Amoldhavin'g in combination a stand with apa'ir of vertical rodsslidably mounted therein; adome having an expansiblebag connectedto 'theupper ends of the rods, a bottom'plate supporting a mold with meanstoheatthe mold, the

means, to-c1arnpthe dome with the bag-when incontact withthe mold, andspump means on of the reciprocating means.

2; Apress having in combination a"stand,'a

the dome -to expand; the said bag independently pair of guiderods'slidably mounted'therein and fihavi n'g a' 'lower and an uppercross headlc'onnectingthe'rods, a dome connectedtotheul per .crossheadand having an expansiblebag depend ing therefrom, a bottomjplatehaving amold. jm'oun'ted thereon, the said bottom plate being guided on therods, a liftingand lowering means mounted in the stand andlhaving'anoperative connectionto thelower cross head andftothe said bottom; plateto simultaneously reciprocate the bottom plate'withpthe mold and thedome with'the bag in c ipposite directions,,meansto.

clamp thedome and the moldfwhen in engagement, and a pump means on thedome-to ex pand'the bag independently or the reciprocating (means. a i Y1 3. A press having a mold astructure having an expansible' bag to fitin the mold mean's to simultaneously'move both the mold anid thestructure havingthe bag toward "and from each other, "a

dome having an expansible bag mounted for vertical reciprocation with,the; dome superposed,

. means tosimultaneously move boththe mold and the dome toward from eachother a clampand'from each other, a clamping means engaging the rim ofthe said structure and the mold-.to

holdsame in engagement, and ,means to inflate the bag operativeindependently of said moving means and subsequent to contacting and.clampingof the mold and the said structure.

- 5. Aipress having a mold witha peripheral flange or rim, a domestructure having a. periph eral rim, an expansible bag secured to thedome structure 'tofit in the mold, means, to simulttaneously 'move' boththe mold and the dome withpthe bag toward and from each other,- a

clamp engaging the rims of thedome'and the mold to hold same inengagement, and meansv to inflate the. bag operative independently of"said moving means and subsequent to contacting and clamping of the moldand the said structure. w

,6. A press having a guide structure with a mold and a: dome having anexpansible bag superposed above the mold, means to simultaneously movethe mold and the said dome with the bag 'in a vertical direction towardand from each other to insert the bag in the mold, the saiddome and moldeach having a peripheral rim or flange, a clamp having segments engagingthe .said rims, and means to; secure said clamp to retain the said domeand mold in a contiguous position, and means toinflate the bag operativeindependently of said moving means and subsequent toclamping of the moldand dome. i

7 Aprcss having a; guide structure, a mold, a

ing ,means carried bythe dome and engaging the mold to clampthe dome,and the mold together,

anda pump on the dome to inflate the bag operative, independently of themoving ,means and subsequent to clamping of the dome'and the mold. i

,BVA press-as claimed in claim 7,the dome;and

:thernold eachhaving apcripheral rim or flange, and the clamp comprisingsegments following the contour of thesaid rims or flanges the saidsegmentshaving upper and, lower flanges to engage the upper; surface ofthe flange on the dome and .thelower surface of the flange on the mold,the

bag-when inflated causing a tight fit of, the flanges and the clamp.

. .9. A press having in combination a stand with a guide means connectedthereto a mlold, a dome having an expansible bag mounted in said guidemeans withthe dome superposed fa hydraulic cylinder, a connection fromthe cylinder tothe mold andjtothe dome to simultaneously move the moldindependently of] said movi'ngponnection and subsequent to'contacting ofthe'moldand dome,

and ,a; clamping means to engage the mold and the dome and to retainsame in a contiguous,

;P0 l-- 1 10. A presscomprising in combination astand,

a, pair of lifting and guide rods slidably mounted therein, a 'lowerandupper crosshead connecting the rods,aa mold slidably mounted on saidrods, adome having an expansible bag, connected to itheupper crosshead,a. hydraulic cylinder mount- ,ed; in the stand and'having pistonstherein with piston rods connecting to the mold and the lower crosshead,means to=,control a flow of hydraulic ,fluid-to and from'the cylinder tosimultaneously movethemold and the dome toward and from each other;andra pump on the dome to inflate the ,bag;

11. A; press comprising in combination a stand having ,guide rods withlower and upper crossheads connecting said rods, the rods being verthcally movable in the sand, a mold slidably mountedon the rods, a domehaving an expansiblebag connected to the uppercrossheada rock shaftmounted in the stand, a lever and link connectionbetween said rock shaftand the mold :and the lower crosshead, means to rock said shaft 'tosimultaneously-move the mold and the dome toward and from each other,and meansto inflatethe ba ,1 said mold and dome being substantiallycounterbalanced on the rock shaft.

1 2;. A. press havinga stand, a pair of vertical rods slidably mountedin the stand, a pressure structure connected to the upper ends of therods,

acrosshead connected to the lower ends of the rods, a mold slidablymounted on the rods, an

operating means interconnected between the mold and, thecrosshead-whereby the pressure ,structure andthe mold substantiallybalance each other, and a common control device for said operating meansto simultaneously lower the pressure structure with the rods and tosimultaneously raise the mold to bring these into contact andintopressure relation, and by an opposite simultaneous movement separate thepressure structure and the mold, the pressure structure and the moldhaving laterally projecting flanges,

andaremovableclamp having means to engage andrelease said flanges, andmeans operative after; contact of the pressure structure andthe vmoldtoexert a. hydraulic pressure therebetween. .13, A press havinga stand,a pair of vertically slidable rods in the stand having a pressurestructure connected to their upper ends, a mold structure slidablymounted on said rods, a rock shaft, a leverand link connection betweenthe rock shaft and the mold structure and between said rock shaft andsaid rods, said connections causing the pressure structure and the moldto substantially counterbalance each other, and an operating device toactuate said rock shaft to simultaneously raise the mold and to lowerthe pressure structure to bring these into engagement, or vice versa tosimultaneously lower the 'mold and raise the pressure structure for sep-'to clamp the pressure structure and the mold p structure together,

and the. dometoward and from eachother, a pump on the dome to {inflatethe bag operative 14.. A pressrhaving a stand, a pair of slidable rods,a pressure structure connected to the upper ends of said rods,acrosshead to the lower ends, a mold structure slidably mounted on therods, a pressure cylinder having pistons therein, one piston beingconnected to the mold structure .and the other to the lower crosshead,said con nections permitting substantial balancing of the pressurestructure and the mold structure, and means to actuate said cylindersand pistons to simultaneously raise the mold and lower the pressurestructure, or vice versa to lower the mold and to raise the pressurestructure.

15. A press as claimed in claim 14, a clamp having a plurality of arms,the pressure structure of the mold having flanges, said arms encirclingthe flanges, and a hydraulic means having a cylinder and piston to bringthe arms into clamping relation with said flanges.

16. A press having a stand, an upper pressure structure slidably mountedin relation to the stand, a lower mold structure also slidably mountedin relation to the stand, each of said structures having a lateralflange, means to simultaneously raise the mold and lower the pressurestructure to bring these together, a clamp having a plurality of pairsof arms pivotally connected together and carried by the flange on thepressure structure, the arms engaging the flange on the mold structure,and means to tighten said arms into clamping relation with the flanges,said clamping arms and the flanges being a means for holding thepressurestructure and mold in pressure relation during the pressingoperation.

17. A press comprising, in combination, a mold,

a dome having an expansible bag, a moving means for simultaneouslymoving the mold and the dome toward and from each other, said movingmeans being adapted to substantially counterbalance the mold and thedome, a clamping means carried by the dome and engaging the mold toclamp the mold and dome together when in engagement and to hold these inclamped relation independent of the moving means, and means operativesubsequent to the mold and dome engaging and being clamped to inflatethe bag.

18. A press comprising, in combination, a frame structure having aguide, a mold, a dome having an expansible bag mounted for verticalreciprocation in the guide with the dome superposed, a moving means forsimultaneously moving the mold and the dome toward and from each other,a clamping means carried by the pressure independent of the framestructure'or the moving means.

19. A press having a frame with a guide structure, a lower mold, anupper dome having an expansible bag mounted in the guide structure,

a moving means for simultaneously moving the mold and the dome with thebag in a vertical direction toward and from each other to insert the bagin the mold, the dome and the mold eachv having a peripheral rim orflange, a clamp having segments engaging said rims, means to secure theclamp to secure said mold and dome in contiguous position prior toexerting of pressure, a pump on the dome to inflate the bag operativesubsequent to the mold and dome engaging and being clamped, said clampsholding the mold and the dome in operative position independently themold and independently of the said moving means.

21. A press as claimed in claim 20, means for interconnecting andclamping the mold and the dome when in contact, the said clamping meanstransmitting tension stresses between the mold and the dome when thesaid bag is inflated.

22. A press having a mold with a peripheral flange, a dome having aperipheral rim, an expansible bag secured to the dome to fit in themold, means to move the mold and the dome towards each other to bringsame in contact, the said moving means being adapted to simultaneouslyseparate the mold and the dome, a clamp loosely engaging the flange andthe rim when in contact, and a pump on the dome to inflate the bagoperativesubsequently to the contacting and clamping of the dome and themold and operative independently of the said moving means.

,MORRIS A. SCHWARTZ.

